TEAMWORK IN ACTION — IT DOESN’T GET BETTER THAN THIS
March 3, 2009 by Mike Hingson · 1 Comment
The Role of Teamwork in Technological Innovation
When I am contacted by meeting planners, corporations, and members of Associations about speaking at their events I am most often asked if I can speak about teamwork and team building. As a keynote speaker I can tell you that this is indeed a subject which seems to be on the minds of company executives, workers, and to some degree most of us. We all seem to value highly the idea of working together. During companywide and executive retreats often times there will be some sort of “team building exercise.” Management constantly talks to staff about “the Team.” Many books have been written on the subject.
Paraphrasing Patrick Lencioni’s observation from his book The Five Dysfunctions of a Team, if teamwork is so important and we all value it so much why is it so hard to achieve? Good question! We work together, oftentimes more than we realize, but we seem to not be able to work together. We rely on each other in so many ways throughout the day, but we seem not to recognize this fact. For example, our automobiles are built by teams.
When Henry Ford developed our modern conception of the assembly line his efforts typified TEAMWORK in action. Unfortunately, many company executives feel they do not have great team relationships or, at least, they feel many of their employees do not have the “right team spirit.” The term has become almost trivialized and cliché. Most of us have lost sight of the value and strength of the human team. We have forgotten how to make and keep great teams going.
It is not surprising that people ask me to speak about teamwork since teamwork means something very personal and extraordinary to me. I have understood the importance and value of teamwork from the time I received my first guide dog, Squire, when I was 14 years old. But life’s school taught me a dramatic lesson about teamwork, when successful teamwork essentially saved my life in 2001 when my fifth guide dog, Roselle, and I worked together to escape the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center on September 11, leading others to safety moments before the tower collapsed.
Teams must be grown and nurtured. Although one individual usually is the team leader all team members must do their part. For me, the team worked dramatically well on 9-11. That story will always be a part of my life and I enjoy sharing it.
I have another amazing story of teamwork I would like to share with you. It is one most people don’t know about, but it is one that has changed the lives of millions of people around the world. It is a story that has been 35 years in the making and will continue to unfold, creating a lasting impact for years to come. It is the story of how Teamwork can be an essential ingredient for technological innovation
In 1974 a young inventor named Dr. Raymond Kurzweil developed a process which would allow a special camera to take a picture of a printed page and convert the information that it saw into either voice or recognizable text which could be displayed on a computer screen or stored in a computer file. What made Ray Kurzweil’s invention so unique and exciting was that his device successfully employed for the first time optical character recognition techniques to scan printed or proportionally spaced material such as that which is found in magazines and books.
Ray had an interest in helping blind people read printed information. With this in mind he contacted the National Federation of the Blind with his first idea for an application of his device to see if there might be an interest in helping him take his “reading machine” from a prototype concept to a real production model reading device for the blind. As it was described to me, Ray Kurzweil told leaders of the NFB when he first spoke with them that he had a machine that really would read books and magazines out loud to blind people.
Many would-be inventors have approached the NFB with claims that they had invented devices which could do everything from help blind people see again to help them “read” books without the so-called need for Braille. Ray’s claim was met with a fair degree of skepticism. Even so, there was something different about him. As a result, some leaders of the Federation traveled to the Kurzweil laboratories in Massachusetts to see this incredible sounding machine for themselves.
It is hard to imagine the surprise and thrill that these blind leaders felt when they arrived at Ray Kurzweil’s facility and placed magazines and books which they brought with them on the reading machine and actually heard the system read their own pages aloud to them. Never before had blind people been able to independently read printed information at normal reading speeds.
Almost immediately Dr. Kurzweil and his team, and Dr. Kenneth Jernigan, then president of the National Federation of the Blind, and a team of Federationists began to develop a plan to fund the Kurzweil Reading Machine project. By 1975 it had been decided that the NFB would purchase five prototype machines at a cost of $50,000 per machine and place these machines around the country in order to test them and to provide feedback to Ray Kurzweil about what features needed to be in a real first model of the Kurzweil Reading Machine.
I officially joined the project in 1976; working under James Gashel, the NFB’s Director of Governmental Affairs, I was hired to coordinate the day-to-day activities and efforts of the NFB-side of the project. My job was to take the five machines purchased by the Federation and place them around the country in locations where blind people would have access to them. I had to train users in each location, ensure that the machines operated correctly, collect user data, and feed that data back to Ray Kurzweil and the leadership of the NFB. For 18 months I traveled around the country living mostly in hotels and visiting the various sites where machines had been placed. At that time the Kurzweil Reading Machine weighed several hundred pounds and consisted of a very heavy scanner and an even heavier computer processor, each housed in their own cabinets. To provide some sort of portability the machines were each placed on a heavy-duty rolling cart.
A lot of teamwork was required all around to make the project a success. It is not often that an inventor allows prototype models to leave the laboratory much less be taken completely out of their control. Never-the-less, that is exactly what happened in the case of the Reading Machine. A team of blind people ran the NFB project, maintained the machines, wrote training curricula, trained other blind people how to use the machines, and scientifically collected data which, in early 1979 led to the first production model of the Kurzweil Reading Machine becoming available on the open market.
Over the years Dr. Ray Kurzweil has often praised the team effort created when he joined forces with the organized blind to make his invention a reality. As far as blind people were concerned, the early machines were problematic since they did not read as well as blind people would have really liked them to. Some of us understood that this technology would go through many stages of evolution before a high degree of reading accuracy was achieved. Never-the-less, even the early machines allowed many of us to read books that were previously unavailable to us. We could also read magazines, papers, and other printed material which allowed us to remain current with our times. A whole new world had opened for blind people.
The success of that early team was due to the commitment of all parties to work together even though the various members were scattered throughout the United States. Solid leadership and good motivation from the tem leaders helped keep us all on track.
Fast forward in time to the year 2001. One of Ray Kurzweil’s dreams has always been to make his machine a truly portable device. Ray often talked to me and others about his goal to create a truly portable pocket-sized reading machine which any blind person could use anywhere. In the years between 1979 and 2001, the Kurzweil Reading Machine indeed went through several evolutionary changes. It became smaller and less expensive. In the mid-1990s the software driving the machine was ported over to the Windows operating system so that it could be run on any PC. In addition, scanner drivers were developed so that many of the emerging, less expensive scanners could drive the optical character recognition software. By 2001 the software costs $995 and the rest of the machine consisted of a typical PC or laptop computer with sound card and a scanner which cost from $150-$300. These newer systems costs much less, but they were not really portable.
Throughout the life of this project, Ray Kurzweil kept an ongoing dialogue and relationship with the National Federation of the Blind. In 2001 he approached the Federation with the idea of making a portable reading machine system. By 2001, Ray was acknowledged as one of the world’s foremost futurist, inventors, and forward-looking thinkers. Part of his methodology was to study technology and essentially predict where it would be in five, 10, 20, or even 50 years. In talking with Dr. Marc Maurer, president of the National Federation of the Blind in 2001, Ray proposed undertaking the development and production of a portable reading machine by 2006. Ray believed it would take that long for the technology of handheld computers to progress to the point where it could support the processing requirements and speed of optical character recognition and speech production.
In 2005, prototypes of what would be called the new “KNFB Reader” were put in the hands of blind people for testing. 100 machines were provided for testing and evaluation to create the feature set that would go into the production model.
In July of 2006, the KNFB Reader was officially introduced for sales to the blind of the world at the national convention of the National Federation of the Blind. Again, as Ray Kurzweil attested, it was the success of the entire team of his developers and blind people throughout the United States which made the portable reading machine a reality.
The machine consisted of a small, high-end digital camera attached to a high-end personal data assistant or PDA. The system sold for $3,295. Although the system wasn’t really pocket-sized, it was truly portable. I recall traveling to Japan and around the United States reading material I had never read before including such mundane things as literature in hotel rooms and restaurant menus. The machine fit into my laptop computer case along with my computer, Braille note taking device called a BrailleNote, and other items I routinely carried with me on my travels. Reading truly became an adventure and it was available wherever I went.
Ray and the team weren’t finished yet. By the beginning of 2008, a new company called KNFB Reading Technologies, a joint venture between the National Federation of the Blind and Korowai Technologies, Inc., had been formed. Its first task was to develop a second generation of the KNFB Reader called the KNFB Reader Mobile. This time, the hardware platform was a high-end cell phone, making the reader a truly portable, pocket-sized device.
As usual, a well-rounded team of beta testers was recruited to take prototypes out into the world and to test them everywhere they could. Later in 2008, the new KNFB Reader Mobile went on sale for $2,195. By the end of 2008, due to cell phone cost reductions and encouraging initial sales, the price of the reader dropped to $1,640. Now, for the first time in history, many blind people could afford the technology that would allow them to read most printed material in a truly independent manner.
Ray Kurzweil has a future vision for his “reading machine” to do even more than just read print. There is no doubt a great future for this device as it evolves, but we will have to wait for the technology to catch up to Ray’s ideas.
The dream and the idea began with Ray Kurzweil, a rare individual who possessed the technical expertise to create the machine itself which allows blind people to read printed material. There is not doubt, however, that the technology would not be where it is today if not for the teamwork created between the inventor and the thousands of blind people who have partnered with him to make the machine a reality. This teamwork, evidenced by the development, production and evolution of the Kurzweil reading machine technologies, is a true demonstration of how many people can work together for a common goal, transcending diverse backgrounds, diverse experiences and expectations to achieve a transformational result.
Companies desiring to increase the effective outcomes of teamwork in their own organizations could take lessons from the Kurzweil project. It took the leadership of only two people, Ray Kurzweil and Kenneth Jernigan, to get this incredible project off the ground, with the added leadership of Marc Maurer to keep the successful momentum going – OVER 34 YEARS! Every step of the way, team members across the country, both inside and outside of Ray’s company, remained focused on collaboration to achieve the ultimate unifying goal and end result. And the collaboration, passion and vision continue.
As I said in the title of this article this team is as good as it gets. The accomplishments have been and continue to be tremendous. Those of us privileged to be involved with this project, in my own case from its very earliest phase, hope to share this model of success, innovation and inspiration to help other teams striving to make the lives of others more rewarding and enriching. Where successful teams thrive, the future is a bright and hopeful place.
For more information about the new KNFB Reader, please visit: http://knfbreader.michaelhingson.com
ETHICS — THE REAL BOTTOM LINE
January 2, 2009 by Mike Hingson · Leave a Comment
As I sit here at my desk feeling the anticipation and joy at the prospects of the New Year – 2009, I cannot help but wonder what the history books will say about this past year that just ended – 2008. It was a year of great strides in medicine, advancements in technology and space exploration, and it was the year in which the United States elected its first African-American president, with the one of the highest recorded turnouts in American voting history.
No matter what future history books may say I think our overall perspective today is that 2008 was a bad year for the world. As the bottom dropped out of the economy, many people lost their homes, with more to follow in 2009; rising oil prices made the cost of driving prohibitive for many and drove home our helpless dependence on the capriciousness of foreign oil; and a few individuals manipulated the worsening situation to their advantage at the expense of most of us. People were driven to do things that only a few years ago they never thought to do including declaring bankruptcy, seeing their lives spiral out of control.
In September 2008, the home mortgage crisis became real for all of us. At best, many Americans live paycheck to paycheck and can barely keep their mortgage commitments. Because of greedy bankers and lenders who created and provided inappropriate mortgages many lost their piece of “the American dream.” Today thousands of families are still attempting to work out ways to keep a roof over their heads.
With all the bad news that we have had thus far, there are those who anticipate the coming of a second mortgage crisis. In October of this year I watched a television interview with a well respected member of the financial community who said that the “second mortgage crisis” will consist of people who simply decide to walk away from their homes and their mortgages even though they earn enough to make their payments and keep their commitments. This financial expert predicted that people will walk away from their homes simply to leave home payments behind, declaring bankruptcy even though they have no specific financial reason to do so. This person’s opinion was that many may consider it easier to simply avoid their obligations, rather than striving to meet them.
My wife Karen did not see this interview. However, the same day I saw the interview, she observed to me that she wouldn’t be at all surprised if “people just decided to walk away from their homes and their mortgages and leave it to the banks and government to sort out the mess”.
What a scary thought! Reasonably solvent people just walk away to avoid payments? Have we lost so much confidence in ourselves or have our standards degraded to the point where people will decide to simply not honor their commitments without negotiation or just because they don’t like the agreement? Where have our ethics gone?
I have heard my parents and my wife’s parents say that they grew up in a simpler time than the children of my generation. I have heard their parents say the same thing. I have heard people refer to the 1800s as a simpler time yet. Also, I have heard people of my generation say that today’s world is more complicated than it was even 30 years ago. All these remarks were made to explain why decisions were harder to make today and why perhaps children of the “modern generation” have a harder time keeping promises and commitments.
For my part I am sure that there are many things about “today’s world” which are more complicated than the world of 30, 50, or 100 years ago. The question we really need to ask ourselves is does the “more complicated”, and perhaps more stressful world of today justify violating the ethical standards passed down from generation to generation which requires that we keep promises and commitments?
I think not. President Jimmy Carter once said “we must adjust to changing times while holding to unwavering principles.” We live in a world today which indeed presents us with stresses, complications, and challenges perhaps more difficult than any humanity has faced in the past. With the advent of subsonic and supersonic air travel, communications through the Internet, radio and television, and even free cell phones, our world has become a very small place where the actions of one can affect the lives of persons many hundreds or thousands of miles away. The products of our “advanced civilization” should be encouraging us to make careful decisions and to be prepared to live with the consequences of those decisions. The message we should be hearing from our public officials and representatives, our friends, and even our own hearts should be one of encouragement to be prepared to keep commitments, and even look out for the other guy. Furthermore, our leaders should lead by example especially where promises and commitments are concerned.
Whether or not the “next mortgage crisis” really is one in which people will simply decide to walk away from their houses and house payments one thing is certain: through the media and possibly even through our own experiences we have encountered situations where some people have made decisions which go against the ethical and moral teachings we have made the rock and fabric by which we live. At times these bad decisions and actions such as those we have seen in recent months in the banking, housing, and American automotive industries have affected many people and become the headlines of media stories and seem to show the “easy” way to go. Often times the people who make these questionable decisions attempt to hide behind the law or distance themselves from the problem before the press and the public discover what was really going on. “People at the top” seem to think they can act with impunity and can get away with anything.
The unfortunate result of the bad and often unethical decisions made by leaders which lead to the economic crisis we face today has caused many people to lose their jobs, their homes, and even their life’s direction. The lack of ethics and propriety of a few have shaken the confidence and faith of many. Thus far we have not seen these individuals punished for their actions. Some have even received significant bonuses as they resigned or were forced out of their jobs.
It does not, however, have to be this way. If we choose, we each can decide to hold ourselves and those who lead us to the higher ethical standards and commitments we claimed to endorse. Barack Obama was elected by people who see change and a better life than the one we’ve experienced over the past eight years. I think deep down people want a leader who they feel demonstrates a higher ethical standard than the one we have seen from our current economic and government leaders. What we must keep in mind is that Barack Obama is only one person in that each of us needs to make a “higher ethical standard” a part of our own lives. The bottom line is that we can bring about ethical change if we first make and keep ethical commitments within ourselves.
Each New Year people make “resolutions” about how they will change during the next year. Most often these promises are unrealistic and are made without a plan to fulfill them. A resolution to live a more ethical life will not be easier to keep because of old habits and the pressure to keep doing business as usual. Neither Wall Street nor Main Street can or will change overnight. It will take resolve from each of us to make a reality the vision and dream Barack Obama promised on election night. The bottom line is that we have to start somewhere. How about right now?
SOME THOUGHTS ON BEING A DISABLED PERSON N TODAY’S AMERICA
January 2, 2009 by Mike Hingson · 2 Comments
As a blind person living and working in this wonderful country I have come to the conclusion that the Internet has quickly become one of the greatest tools I have the fortune to use. It gives me access to many things previously only available to those who can see. With the Internet I can conduct extensive research, go shopping independently, communicate with friends and colleagues, and even take the occasional survey in order to inform some unnamed and mysterious pollster about my opinions on this or that.
Earlier today I decided to put a little adventure in my life and answer an invitation to take an online survey. In this case I knew the source of the survey and was expecting it. In the course of answering the numerous questions on a wide variety of subjects I was asked my employment status. I was asked to check the box most relevant to my situation. The choices I was given included “employed,” “concerned about my employment status,” “have a family member who is unemployed,” “unemployed,” and “retired or disabled.” “Ding ding ding” went the alarm bells in my head! “Retired or disabled”? What a strange choice to offer. I am sure that the creator of the survey had the best of intentions, but in that one choice he or she promulgated the long-standing inequality faced by disabled people and once again promoted the perception that disabled people could not really be employed.
As a disabled person or, if you will, a person with a disability, I encounter daily misconceptions and incorrect perceptions about my blindness. For example, when I am using my guide dog people often ask me questions such as “how does your dog know where it is going” or “how did your dog know to make that last left or right turn”? The perception is that the dog does everything and that I just tag along for the ride. When I use my white cane instead of a guide dog people seem to think that I’m even worse off and are always asking if they can “help” me especially when in the course of walking my cane encounters an obstacle. In reality, the cane is supposed to find obstacles and objects and then I determined how to go around or avoid them. However, sighted people interpret my cane locating an object as me bumping into it which in fact is hardly the case.
I understand these misconceptions because from birth, children in our society are taught to see without getting any real instruction about how to use their other senses as alternatives to sight. We do not teach children real inclusiveness where disabilities are concerned. Our children grow up to believe that if they could not see they would not be able to function.
For many years the Gallup polling organization has conducted surveys which show that one of the top five fears in our country is the fear of blindness. To a slightly lesser degree, so-called able-bodied people fear most any disability according to Gallup surveys. Certainly we all feel afraid of the possibility that we might lose something that we deem important in our lives. Losing a sense or”ability” would constitute a dramatic change in the way any of us live. However, there’s a difference between the fear of losing an ability and the perception that without it we could not live a “normal life.”
When people ask me if I need assistance while walking down the street I know for the most part they have the best of intentions. The fact is, like any of us, sometimes I even need assistance. Each one of us needs help and assistance from time to time. For example, someone simply walking to their car while carrying a number of bags or packages can always use an extra hand or two. There is the occasional person who will offer assistance to an individual laden down with stuff they are caring to their car. Far be it from me to condemn someone who offers me assistance because the person asking to help might very well be the one who would lend an extra hand to the person carrying all those packages.
The fact is, however, that many people offer assistance to persons with a disability because they do not know that disability does not mean lack of ability or competence. For my part, it is important that I respond appropriately to offers of help. It does no one any good to react in anger to offers of assistance. An invitation to help is at least an opportunity to educate just a bit. I must admit that sometimes the role of constant educator does get a bit trying. Nevertheless it is important to me to be patient, and sometimes even bite my tongue while attempting to change someone’s incorrect perception about what I can and cannot do.
I am often asked if I believe that blind and other disabled persons are better off today than in the past. In some ways I believe that we are. For example for me as a blind person Braille is easier and cheaper to produce. Technology offers me a plethora of ways to access information, travel more independently than ever, and in general live life with less difficulty than before those technological marvels were made available to me.
On the other hand, are we more socially integrated into society than we were 50, 20, or even 10 years ago? I think not, or at least I do not believe that we are significantly better off from a true social integration standpoint. The survey I took this morning is a perfect example of the lack of integration we face. Rather than offering an option of “retired or disabled” a more appropriate choice of words would’ve been “retired or unable to work”. Being unable to work opens up a whole realm of possibilities including temporary injury, illness, a family situation, and yes even a possibility of a severe disability which specifically keeps someone from working.
I will know that I am truly integrated into society when people regard me as amazing because of some amazing thing that I do rather than because I do the same things that they do except that I happened to be blind. I will know that I’m a real first-class citizen when I can walk into restaurants with friends and the wait staff asked me for my order rather than asking my sighted colleagues “what does he want?” I will know that I have arrived when I can go to meetings and conventions where all the materials given to sighted people are available to me in Braille or another accessible form.
In 2008 we elected a new president of the United States who ran on a platform of change and hope. President-elect Obama’s platform included statements reflecting his concern about improving the status of persons with disabilities in this country. I hope he follows through on the views he expressed on his website during the campaign concerning disabled people.
True and full integration is not easy. It starts with desire and it continues with education. I invite your comments and thoughts on the discussion. Only through enlightened and frank talk can we come to a better understanding of ourselves and each other and eventually attain a real inclusive world.
“Coming Home” – Day 8
November 22, 2008 by Mike Hingson · 2 Comments
November 20, 2008, 4:30 PM
Well here we are day 8, the final day of in-home training. Time sure flies! It’s a sad day, and it’s a happy day. It’s a sad time because it will be the end of our time together with Todd. Todd lived up to his reputation of being the best. As I said before I have never trained with Todd although he was the one who trained Roselle. I could not have asked for a better person to help Africa and I begin our journey together.
On the other hand, it is a happy day because of all that Todd has done to prepare Africa and because of all the work that Todd, Africa, and I have had the pleasure of accomplishing together over the past 8 days. Todd has helped lay a great foundation which will allow Africa and me to have many great adventures and wonderful travel experiences for many years to come.
You guessed it, Todd arrived promptly at 9 AM to begin this last training day. Africa was so excited to see him that I decided it would be a good idea to do a little bit of obedience work to refocus her before we left the house. I wrote in previous entries about the way obedience exercises can be used to regain a guide dog’s focus.
After obedience we left the house and headed into San Francisco and the Embarcadero area. We arrived near the Embarcadero at around 10 AM.
I should take a moment and explain what the Embarcadero is. It is a large complex of four sizable buildings which make up one of San Francisco’s premier shopping centers and office complexes. There is also a Hyatt Regency Hotel in the Embarcadero Center and there are several other major hotels in the general vicinity. In all, the Embarcadero Center and the surrounding area is quite a bustling place.
We parked a few blocks away from the Embarcadero so we can get in a nice walk and a train ride before going to the center itself. After leaving our van we walked about a block and then took a flight of stairs down into an open park. We decided to do some obedience exercises in the park to see how Africa would react around the hundreds of pigeons who made that area their home, at least during the day. Every so often Africa took a brief look at the pigeons but was not bothered by them at all. They did not prove to be any kind of distraction during her obedience work nor at any other time during the day.
I forgot to mention that before leaving the van I helped Africa on with her booties. Since we would be doing some escalator work that day the booties were called for. Africa seem to do a little better today with the booties although I have never felt that they really bothered her.
After leaving the park we walked another few blocks and finally reached the nearest Muni station where we planned to catch the subway. After going on a nice long escalator and walking through the turnstiles we waited for the train to arrive. While waiting Todd showed me how Africa had been trained to avoid the drop offs on subway platforms. I was aware of this, but I appreciated the reminder. Also it is good to see how much more subway platform training has improved.
The idea here is to make sure that when on a subway platform the blind handler is not put in danger of falling off the platform and onto the subway tracks. The student guide dogs are shown the edges of the subway platform and they are encouraged to look down onto the tracks to see how far they and their handlers would fall if they remain too close. The training of the dogs includes the use of clickers and food rewards to make sure that the dogs stay far away from the edges. Now the training goes so far that when a blind handler commands their dog to go forward and in so moving they might come close to or walk off the edge of the subway platform the dog physically turns the team away from the platform at least two or 3 feet before the team gets to the edge. When possible the dog will turn so that it is between the blind person and the platform. Of course, if there is a train in the station and the handler tells the dog to go forward toward the edge of the platform the dog will do so by going to the nearest door which would lead onto a train car. A dog properly trained will even distinguish between doors into the car and the space where two cars are coupled together. In all this training is quite extensive and is certainly gotten better over the years. I think that this is in part because more and more blind people are out in the workforce or are out traveling about cities and other areas where subways and trains are present.
After the train arrived and we boarded we took a short ride, (probably about six blocks), and then disembarked for our walk back to the Embarcadero Center. What we in fact did was traveled from one side of the Embarcadero Center to the other. This would make it possible for us to walk through the Embarcadero before returning to our van.
After leaving the train station and going up another long escalator we traveled two or three blocks before reaching the Embarcadero Center proper. We entered the center by going through a revolving door. Yes, the dogs are trained to do that. The easiest way to go through revolving doors is to drop the harness handle, heal the dog on the right side of the handler, and then walked together through the turning door. This keeps the dog on the inside of the turn as we go through the door and thus keeps it safer and less likely to have any part of it caught in the door. In effect, the handler is somewhat between the dog and the revolving door. There are some large revolving doors, such as the one at Portland airport, that permit the dog and handler to walk without the use of any special techniques. There was also a door like that at the Marriott World Trade Center. That revolving door was so large that it actually had a small flower gardens mounted to the insides of the doors so that as people were entering and leaving they got a nice view of some flowers to brighten their day.
After entering Embarcadero 1 we decided to locate a Mexican restaurant called Chevys for lunch. Chevys was located on the third floor. To justify the use of Africa’s booties we used escalators to get up to the restaurant. I was curious to see how Africa would do with her booties during the down time of our lunch period. I wanted to learn if she would get bored and try to take them off or whether she would even care. I was pleased to see that she left him alone and just decided to take a nap. Meanwhile, Todd and I had some nice fragrant quesadillas which Africa ignored. Good for her!
By the time lunch was over it was about a 1:45. We walked back to the van, going through the pigeon park on our way, and made it back to our vehicle by around 2:30 PM. Since Africa had worn her booties all day I took them off before we left San Francisco. We arrived back in Novato a little after 3 PM. In all it was another great training Day. It was a perfect end to our training and to our work with Todd.
I cannot end the discussion of this part of Africa’s and my adventures together without once again acknowledging Todd Jurek and the wonderful job he did with it for us and that he does every day. He is a master trainer who deserves the high accolades and great reputation that he has. I saw it with Roselle and I saw it again with Africa except that this time I got to be a part of the training process with Todd. Todd deserves and has my highest praise. I must say that he is not alone, however. I have found that all of the trainers at Guide Dogs for the Blind are excellent and much attention is paid in the training department to ensuring that they all have good people skills. They are great teachers.I urged anyone who wants a guide dog to consider Guide Dogs for the Blind as the school they attend. With leaders such as Todd Jurek, Adam Wasco, and Terry Barrett you can’t go wrong.
Now, our training is over. However the adventure has just begun. I will write again soon about Africa’s and my first weeks together. I’m sure the time will pass quickly and it won’t be long until December 4 and we fly to Minneapolis for a speaking engagement. This will be Africa’s first time on an airplane. Check back again soon for our next installment.
“Independence Day” – Day 7
November 21, 2008 by Mike Hingson · 1 Comment
November 19, 2008, 9:09 PM
Thus far my work and bonding with Africa have been progressing well. Already we have had many adventures. Yesterday Todd informed me that today our first route was to be the infamous “independent route”. It is a route that is considered “independent” because the trainer does not walk with the student and dog. Usually, the student is told their starting location and then, when dropped off, they are asked to make their way to the Guide Dog lounge.
The route is not overly challenging to anyone who has good mobility skills. In a training center where blind people are learning to walk as blind people they will travel many independent routes including some where no instructor is observing them. These are true independent routes where blind people are expected to gain confidence in their own ability to travel from place to place. The GDB independent route is designed to get the dog used to walking without their former trainer nearby. The route can be a bit of a test of a blind person’s orientation and mobility skills. However, GDB is not really providing orientation and mobility training so it is expected that blind students are already capable of walking routes independently especially one of the difficulty of the kind Africa and I traveled.
Once again Todd arrived at 9 sharp. After discussing Africa’s adjustment and behavior from last evening, (no problems), off we went to downtown San Rafael and our walk. Todd dropped me off at third and Lootens St. it was my job to get to the GDB downtown lounge while Todd did his best to stay out of Africa’s sight. To explain further, at this point in our training Todd is still a security blanket for Africa. She knows him better than me. In a sense she relies on having him around and although I am the one giving her commands she has not totally made the transition of loyalty from Todd to me. During our first six days of training Africa would look around from time to time to see if Todd was close by. Today would be something different as Todd would not be in sight, or at least that was the theory.
To get from third and Lootens to the lounge all I had to do was to walk up Lootens to 4th St and then to walk up 4th St until I got to the lounge which was located between E. and F. I brought along my BrailleNote Sendero GPS system in order to do some experimentation toward developing some possible GPS training for GDB.
Before starting out I notified Todd that I would be stopping at RadioShack along the way. RadioShack is located between C. and D. streets and thus it was right on my way to the lounge. With all the preliminaries out of the way I embarked on this latest adventure. Of course, on principle, I had programmed the route into the GPS system so I allowed it to tell us where we were and how to get where we needed to go. I even had it tell me when we got close to the RadioShack.
The trip went well. When I was in the vicinity of RadioShack I asked a passerby to help me locate the specific door. As often happens in such cases the person I asked said “I don’t know where that is”. When asking the question I indicated that I knew it was close by, but as usual, people don’t seem to pay attention to that part of my question. I informed the person again at RadioShack should be within just a few feet and finally the person looked around and, what a surprise, saw the store, one door away.
Anyway, I went into RadioShack and purchased a small speaker which I needed. I then left the store and continued on my way to the lounge. As I walk toward D. street Africa began looking around for Todd. She had done a little of this during the first part of our walk, but now she became more intense about it. With some encouragement and praise I refocused her. We continued to walk past a D. toward E. Street. Again, Africa looked around for Todd a bit. Todd informed me later that he had a real hard time keeping completely out of sight and that Africa spotted him more than once. I figured as much. It is almost like a game of cat and mouse between Africa and Todd. However, Africa needed to learn that Todd was not the boss and that she had to focus on my commands. She really did a pretty good job. She is a very bright dog and I think she got the message.
After crossing E. Street we continued on to the lounge without incident. I don’t think Africa looked around for Todd once on that final block. When I got to the lounge I discovered that there was a GDB van there with some trainers and some applicants engaged in a multi-day assessment. One of the wonderful programs offered by GDB is a process by which some potential students can come to GDB for a three day assessment of whether or not they would be good candidates for using a guide dog. Most people only go through a home interview and a telephone interview. Some people have more challenges which require a more in-depth assessment on both sides. These people come to GDB and spent some time working with a guide dog as well as doing Juno work to see how well a guide dog will fit their needs and lifestyle. I think there were four students at the lounge when we arrived.
About a minute after I arrived at the lounge Todd appeared. He was very pleased with the walk and Africa’s behavior, Africa searching for him notwithstanding. The important thing was that Africa re-focused when I asked her to do so. Todd and I both felt the walk was good, Africa’s guiding was good, and that we were progressing well.
We decided to walk back down 4th St and find a place to have lunch. Eventually we settled on The Broken Drum, a microbrewery between and B streets. Although a bit noisy, the place wasn’t too bad. It was a little bit of a different experience for Africa, which is why we decided to stop there. She was not bothered by the noise and distractions at all, no surprise to me.
After lunch we returned to the van and traveled to GDB for a consultation with the veterinarian staff. Every student has a vet consult to learn about the medical history of their guide.
All of the reports on Africa were very good ones. The only interesting thing that I learned was that Africa has swallowed a couple of socks in her lifetime. No surgery was required to remove them from her system, however. Meeting with the vet staff is always good because we learned much about our dog’s behavior and habits from the puppy reports they share with us. Forewarned is forearmed. Now I know that Africa is a potential scrounger. And she looks so innocent too!
After the vet consult we returned home and called it a day. I must say that if all of our training progress sounds too positive and too good to be true it isn’t. Sometimes things go extremely well and sometimes they do not. Sometimes progress depends on how the student reacts to unexpected behaviors of the dog. As I said before this is as much a training time for the student as it is for the dog. It’s a time to sharpen our skills and to be reminded of how to encourage the best behaviors out of our new guides. I’m very pleased that training is going so well with Africa.
I remember a time with my third dog, Klondike, when he showed a fear reaction to walking in downtown San Francisco. It took a lot of work to encourage him to do his job. We worked through the problems and then Klondike guided for 10 years. For my part, I learned a lot from the challenges I faced with Klondike during training. Terry Barrett, now GDB Director of Training, Admissions, and Graduate Services, was the training supervisor during my class with Klondike. I will never forget Terry’s encouragement and wisdom. His ideas and suggestions stay with me always and always come to mind whenever I faced a training challenge. It is good not to have major difficulties at this point in our training, but I know that if they occur GDB and I have the tools to surmount them.
Tomorrow is our last day of training! Todd suggests that we go back into San Francisco where we can ride the subway, called the Muni, and then walk around Embarcadero Center. It sounds like a pretty full day with lots of distractions and lots of good guide exercise for Africa and me. Come back tomorrow to read the results.