Well here we are day 8, the final day of in-home training. Time sure flies! It’s a sad day, and it’s a happy day. It’s a sad time because it will be the end of our time together with Todd. Todd lived up to his reputation of being the best. As I said before I have never trained with Todd although he was the one who trained Roselle. I could not have asked for a better person to help Africa and I begin our journey together.
On the other hand, it is a happy day because of all that Todd has done to prepare Africa and because of all the work that Todd, Africa, and I have had the pleasure of accomplishing together over the past 8 days. Todd has helped lay a great foundation which will allow Africa and me to have many great adventures and wonderful travel experiences for many years to come.
You guessed it, Todd arrived promptly at 9 AM to begin this last training day. Africa was so excited to see him that I decided it would be a good idea to do a little bit of obedience work to refocus her before we left the house. I wrote in previous entries about the way obedience exercises can be used to regain a guide dog’s focus.
After obedience we left the house and headed into San Francisco and the Embarcadero area. We arrived near the Embarcadero at around 10 AM.
I should take a moment and explain what the Embarcadero is. It is a large complex of four sizable buildings which make up one of San Francisco’s premier shopping centers and office complexes. There is also a Hyatt Regency Hotel in the Embarcadero Center and there are several other major hotels in the general vicinity. In all, the Embarcadero Center and the surrounding area is quite a bustling place.
We parked a few blocks away from the Embarcadero so we can get in a nice walk and a train ride before going to the center itself. After leaving our van we walked about a block and then took a flight of stairs down into an open park. We decided to do some obedience exercises in the park to see how Africa would react around the hundreds of pigeons who made that area their home, at least during the day. Every so often Africa took a brief look at the pigeons but was not bothered by them at all. They did not prove to be any kind of distraction during her obedience work nor at any other time during the day.
I forgot to mention that before leaving the van I helped Africa on with her booties. Since we would be doing some escalator work that day the booties were called for. Africa seem to do a little better today with the booties although I have never felt that they really bothered her.
After leaving the park we walked another few blocks and finally reached the nearest Muni station where we planned to catch the subway. After going on a nice long escalator and walking through the turnstiles we waited for the train to arrive. While waiting Todd showed me how Africa had been trained to avoid the drop offs on subway platforms. I was aware of this, but I appreciated the reminder. Also it is good to see how much more subway platform training has improved.
The idea here is to make sure that when on a subway platform the blind handler is not put in danger of falling off the platform and onto the subway tracks. The student guide dogs are shown the edges of the subway platform and they are encouraged to look down onto the tracks to see how far they and their handlers would fall if they remain too close. The training of the dogs includes the use of clickers and food rewards to make sure that the dogs stay far away from the edges. Now the training goes so far that when a blind handler commands their dog to go forward and in so moving they might come close to or walk off the edge of the subway platform the dog physically turns the team away from the platform at least two or 3 feet before the team gets to the edge. When possible the dog will turn so that it is between the blind person and the platform. Of course, if there is a train in the station and the handler tells the dog to go forward toward the edge of the platform the dog will do so by going to the nearest door which would lead onto a train car. A dog properly trained will even distinguish between doors into the car and the space where two cars are coupled together. In all this training is quite extensive and is certainly gotten better over the years. I think that this is in part because more and more blind people are out in the workforce or are out traveling about cities and other areas where subways and trains are present.
After the train arrived and we boarded we took a short ride, (probably about six blocks), and then disembarked for our walk back to the Embarcadero Center. What we in fact did was traveled from one side of the Embarcadero Center to the other. This would make it possible for us to walk through the Embarcadero before returning to our van.
After leaving the train station and going up another long escalator we traveled two or three blocks before reaching the Embarcadero Center proper. We entered the center by going through a revolving door. Yes, the dogs are trained to do that. The easiest way to go through revolving doors is to drop the harness handle, heal the dog on the right side of the handler, and then walked together through the turning door. This keeps the dog on the inside of the turn as we go through the door and thus keeps it safer and less likely to have any part of it caught in the door. In effect, the handler is somewhat between the dog and the revolving door. There are some large revolving doors, such as the one at Portland airport, that permit the dog and handler to walk without the use of any special techniques. There was also a door like that at the Marriott World Trade Center. That revolving door was so large that it actually had a small flower gardens mounted to the insides of the doors so that as people were entering and leaving they got a nice view of some flowers to brighten their day.

After entering Embarcadero 1 we decided to locate a Mexican restaurant called Chevys for lunch. Chevys was located on the third floor. To justify the use of Africa’s booties we used escalators to get up to the restaurant. I was curious to see how Africa would do with her booties during the down time of our lunch period. I wanted to learn if she would get bored and try to take them off or whether she would even care. I was pleased to see that she left him alone and just decided to take a nap. Meanwhile, Todd and I had some nice fragrant quesadillas which Africa ignored. Good for her!
By the time lunch was over it was about a 1:45. We walked back to the van, going through the pigeon park on our way, and made it back to our vehicle by around 2:30 PM. Since Africa had worn her booties all day I took them off before we left San Francisco. We arrived back in Novato a little after 3 PM. In all it was another great training Day. It was a perfect end to our training and to our work with Todd.
I cannot end the discussion of this part of Africa’s and my adventures together without once again acknowledging Todd Jurek and the wonderful job he did with it for us and that he does every day. He is a master trainer who deserves the high accolades and great reputation that he has. I saw it with Roselle and I saw it again with Africa except that this time I got to be a part of the training process with Todd. Todd deserves and has my highest praise. I must say that he is not alone, however. I have found that all of the trainers at Guide Dogs for the Blind are excellent and much attention is paid in the training department to ensuring that they all have good people skills. They are great teachers.I urged anyone who wants a guide dog to consider Guide Dogs for the Blind as the school they attend. With leaders such as Todd Jurek, Adam Wasco, and Terry Barrett you can’t go wrong.
Now, our training is over. However the adventure has just begun. I will write again soon about Africa’s and my first weeks together. I’m sure the time will pass quickly and it won’t be long until December 4 and we fly to Minneapolis for a speaking engagement. This will be Africa’s first time on an airplane. Check back again soon for our next installment.

Thus far my work and bonding with Africa have been progressing well. Already we have had many adventures. Yesterday Todd informed me that today our first route was to be the infamous “independent route”. It is a route that is considered “independent” because the trainer does not walk with the student and dog. Usually, the student is told their starting location and then, when dropped off, they are asked to make their way to the Guide Dog lounge.
The route is not overly challenging to anyone who has good mobility skills. In a training center where blind people are learning to walk as blind people they will travel many independent routes including some where no instructor is observing them. These are true independent routes where blind people are expected to gain confidence in their own ability to travel from place to place. The GDB independent route is designed to get the dog used to walking without their former trainer nearby. The route can be a bit of a test of a blind person’s orientation and mobility skills. However, GDB is not really providing orientation and mobility training so it is expected that blind students are already capable of walking routes independently especially one of the difficulty of the kind Africa and I traveled.
Once again Todd arrived at 9 sharp. After discussing Africa’s adjustment and behavior from last evening, (no problems), off we went to downtown San Rafael and our walk. Todd dropped me off at third and Lootens St. it was my job to get to the GDB downtown lounge while Todd did his best to stay out of Africa’s sight. To explain further, at this point in our training Todd is still a security blanket for Africa. She knows him better than me. In a sense she relies on having him around and although I am the one giving her commands she has not totally made the transition of loyalty from Todd to me. During our first six days of training Africa would look around from time to time to see if Todd was close by. Today would be something different as Todd would not be in sight, or at least that was the theory.
To get from third and Lootens to the lounge all I had to do was to walk up Lootens to 4th St and then to walk up 4th St until I got to the lounge which was located between E. and F. I brought along my BrailleNote Sendero GPS system in order to do some experimentation toward developing some possible GPS training for GDB.
Before starting out I notified Todd that I would be stopping at RadioShack along the way. RadioShack is located between C. and D. streets and thus it was right on my way to the lounge. With all the preliminaries out of the way I embarked on this latest adventure. Of course, on principle, I had programmed the route into the GPS system so I allowed it to tell us where we were and how to get where we needed to go. I even had it tell me when we got close to the RadioShack.
The trip went well. When I was in the vicinity of RadioShack I asked a passerby to help me locate the specific door. As often happens in such cases the person I asked said “I don’t know where that is”. When asking the question I indicated that I knew it was close by, but as usual, people don’t seem to pay attention to that part of my question. I informed the person again at RadioShack should be within just a few feet and finally the person looked around and, what a surprise, saw the store, one door away.
Anyway, I went into RadioShack and purchased a small speaker which I needed. I then left the store and continued on my way to the lounge. As I walk toward D. street Africa began looking around for Todd. She had done a little of this during the first part of our walk, but now she became more intense about it. With some encouragement and praise I refocused her. We continued to walk past a D. toward E. Street. Again, Africa looked around for Todd a bit. Todd informed me later that he had a real hard time keeping completely out of sight and that Africa spotted him more than once. I figured as much. It is almost like a game of cat and mouse between Africa and Todd. However, Africa needed to learn that Todd was not the boss and that she had to focus on my commands. She really did a pretty good job. She is a very bright dog and I think she got the message.
After crossing E. Street we continued on to the lounge without incident. I don’t think Africa looked around for Todd once on that final block. When I got to the lounge I discovered that there was a GDB van there with some trainers and some applicants engaged in a multi-day assessment. One of the wonderful programs offered by GDB is a process by which some potential students can come to GDB for a three day assessment of whether or not they would be good candidates for using a guide dog. Most people only go through a home interview and a telephone interview. Some people have more challenges which require a more in-depth assessment on both sides. These people come to GDB and spent some time working with a guide dog as well as doing Juno work to see how well a guide dog will fit their needs and lifestyle. I think there were four students at the lounge when we arrived.
About a minute after I arrived at the lounge Todd appeared. He was very pleased with the walk and Africa’s behavior, Africa searching for him notwithstanding. The important thing was that Africa re-focused when I asked her to do so. Todd and I both felt the walk was good, Africa’s guiding was good, and that we were progressing well.
We decided to walk back down 4th St and find a place to have lunch. Eventually we settled on The Broken Drum, a microbrewery between and B streets. Although a bit noisy, the place wasn’t too bad. It was a little bit of a different experience for Africa, which is why we decided to stop there. She was not bothered by the noise and distractions at all, no surprise to me.
After lunch we returned to the van and traveled to GDB for a consultation with the veterinarian staff. Every student has a vet consult to learn about the medical history of their guide.
All of the reports on Africa were very good ones. The only interesting thing that I learned was that Africa has swallowed a couple of socks in her lifetime. No surgery was required to remove them from her system, however. Meeting with the vet staff is always good because we learned much about our dog’s behavior and habits from the puppy reports they share with us. Forewarned is forearmed. Now I know that Africa is a potential scrounger. And she looks so innocent too!
After the vet consult we returned home and called it a day. I must say that if all of our training progress sounds too positive and too good to be true it isn’t. Sometimes things go extremely well and sometimes they do not. Sometimes progress depends on how the student reacts to unexpected behaviors of the dog. As I said before this is as much a training time for the student as it is for the dog. It’s a time to sharpen our skills and to be reminded of how to encourage the best behaviors out of our new guides. I’m very pleased that training is going so well with Africa.
I remember a time with my third dog, Klondike, when he showed a fear reaction to walking in downtown San Francisco. It took a lot of work to encourage him to do his job. We worked through the problems and then Klondike guided for 10 years. For my part, I learned a lot from the challenges I faced with Klondike during training. Terry Barrett, now GDB Director of Training, Admissions, and Graduate Services, was the training supervisor during my class with Klondike. I will never forget Terry’s encouragement and wisdom. His ideas and suggestions stay with me always and always come to mind whenever I faced a training challenge. It is good not to have major difficulties at this point in our training, but I know that if they occur GDB and I have the tools to surmount them.
Tomorrow is our last day of training! Todd suggests that we go back into San Francisco where we can ride the subway, called the Muni, and then walk around Embarcadero Center. It sounds like a pretty full day with lots of distractions and lots of good guide exercise for Africa and me. Come back tomorrow to read the results.

Today was one of the most extremely informative, if not most fun, times during the training and formation of a guide dog team. Today we did traffic checks.

One of the most important jobs a guide dog must perform is watching for traffic whether it is moving, standing still waiting for a light to change, or whether an individual car might be blocking our path. Any pedestrian should always be alert to the traffic around them. For those of us who choose to use a guide dog the dog can help us a great deal to address the issues regarding traffic. Here are a few scenarios.

1. Suppose you are walking down a sidewalk and suddenly encounter a car sitting in a driveway with the engine running. How do you determine what to do next?

2. As you’re walking down a sidewalk you come to a driveway or small side street. As you begin to cross suddenly a car races around a corner in front of you or shoots in front of you from the driveway or side street. Do you have time to react? What do you do?

3. You are crossing an intersection or driveway and hear a car coming toward you from one side or the other. You are walking appropriately, but the car doesn’t slow down. The driver is timing his or her street crossing to go just behind you. (Make no mistake drivers do that.) Again, do you have time to react? What do you do?

4. Now, how do you handle any of the above scenarios if the vehicle happens to be a quiet or hybrid car?

These are only a few of the situations that any pedestrian will encounter while walking anywhere around cars. Blind people whether they use dogs or canes have to answer these questions just like anyone else. We use our hearing and strive to be at least as aware as other pedestrians of what is around us.

The hybrid question is a very serious one for those of us who happen to be blind. It is our belief that hybrid vehicles should make a sound that will allow them to be monitored by blind pedestrians, cyclists, and others who may not be looking directly at a hybrid vehicle when it is near them.

No matter what the circumstances both dog and cane users are able to walk on our streets and sidewalks successfully and competently. Although I travel well with either a cane or a guide dog I prefer the guide dog especially when it comes to traffic issues. “Traffic checks” are the processes used by guide dog instructors to teach dogs how to handle any traffic scenario they might encounter including hybrid cars. Schools such as Guide Dogs for the Blind that have been using traffic checks extensively for years have found that hybrid cars, although a challenge, are not really harder for the dogs than standard vehicles. I’m sure instructors would agree that a little more vigilance is in order and so they work to make sure that their guide dog charges watch as best they can. It is still a team effort when dealing with traffic checks. The guide dog user must let the dog do its job, but it is still important for the user to be aware of what is going on around them. Read on and you’ll see how Africa and I handled a variety of different traffic scenarios today.

Guess what, Todd arrived at 9 a.m. sharp. It was off to San Rafael for our date with Adam Wasco and the GDB hybrid car. At 9:45 we were at the Guide Dogs lounge and ready to go. We turned right out of the lounge on 4th St heading toward F Street with E street behind us. We had walked no more than a few feet when we encountered a car sitting in the driveway blocking our path. Of course, it was that crazy driver Adam Wasco. Africa stopped a few feet away from the car just as she was supposed to do. I hopped her up to the car so that I could see in fact that it was a vehicle blocking our way. She got lots of praise for stopping a few feet before we reached the car. The reason for stopping early is that we would not know the intent of the driver if in fact a driver was in the car at all. If she went right up to the car before stopping and the vehicle began to move we might be clipped or worse.

After determining that the car was stationary and not planning to move in the next few moments I commanded Africa to go forward and we went around the car and on our merry way. After reaching F Street and crossing it, now headed toward G. We had walked no more than a few feet when suddenly out of a driveway shot a car right in front of us. Africa stopped and moved back quickly pulling me with her. This again is exactly as what she is supposed to do. Lots of praise and food rewards were the order of the day. It is important not only to tell Africa that she was doing a good job but to heighten her sense of desire to be especially vigilant concerning traffic. There’s nothing like a good food reward to help make this possible. Madman Wasco shot out of the driveway and turned right and went on his hopefully not so merry way. Where is a cop when you need one?

We reached G where we prepared to cross. Just as we started across, you guessed it, here came our ever vigilant Adam to race across in front of us forcing Africa and me to move back. We finally made it across G and went down toward H.

For the rest of the route which took us up to H, over to 5th, and then back down to and across F Street Adam performed every kind of scenario imaginable to cause Africa to react appropriately to keep us safe from his vehicle. Finally we turned right on F and headed back down to 4th St. where we turned left and returned to the lounge. What was most noticeable about Africa’s behavior was that she did a good job of looking around her for cars. On many occasions, she saw Adam his vehicle long before I heard it and began to react. Since Africa’s job is to react to conditions around her it is my responsibility to let her do her job and follow her if she feels that we are in danger or that there is a problem. The result during this walk was that we stayed well away from danger. Africa kept us safe.

I must stop and make one comment here about dogs versus canes. Could a cane traveler do the same things that I was able to do with Africa? The answer is yes. I am not sure that in some of the situations we faced, I, as a cane traveler would have been able to react quite as quickly or at least as far in advance as I was able to do with Africa. It is all a matter of me being aware as much as possible of what is happening around me. The problem is heightened, as I said earlier, by the concept of hybrid cars. If I can’t hear them I can’t react to them.

I don’t want to leave the subject of traffic checks without acknowledging Adam Wasco for his part in our training. Adam is a great guy with a wonderful sense of humor which brings out the best in us all. He is fun to kid since he gives is good as he gets. He is a longtime veteran of the Training Department at Guide Dogs for the Blind. He knows his job and does it well. He is one of the best trainers I know second only, of course, to Todd. The fact that he is able to drive a vehicle so well and in such a safe manner that he is able to perform the traffic checks we required is a testimony to his skill. I very much appreciate his efforts in helping me and all those who receive guidedogs from Guide Dogs for the Blind.

After we returned to the lounge and sent Adam off on his evil way, Todd and I decided to further Africa’s training by teaching her to target traffic light poles in general and the buttons on these poles in specific. It is very helpful if a guide dog can point out the location of the button to change the traffic signal so that the user doesn’t have to spend a long time hunting for the pole. This is best accomplished with the use of the clicker.

We left the lounge and went to the corner of C and 5th St. which is frequently used during guide dog class training to accomplish the training we had in mind. The process is very similar to that which we used in teaching Africa to find the elevator. First, I would click and reward Africa every time she found my hand which was resting on the pole right below the button. Over a short time we moved back longer distances and I rewarded Africa every time she found the pole first with a click than with food. Again, within about five minutes she was targeting the button on the pole like a pro. We will have to do this more than once, I’m sure. However, we laid the foundation and I’m sure Africa will pick up the new technique in no time.

We returned to the lounge and headed off to Novato for a wonderful Chinese lunch and a short walk around downtown before heading back home. We accomplished a lot today both with traffic checks and with the new light pole training. It was a busy day for Africa and I’m sure a somewhat stressful one although she handled it well. Africa and I spent the rest of the day playing ball, being silly and in general bonding. She’s doing well around the house both with Roselle and Sherlock, the strange cat. Africa and my wife, Karen, seem also to be bonding well. Africa has no fear of the wheelchair and I think if given the chance would love to take a ride on Karen’s lap. That isn’t going to happen, however.

Tomorrow we get to take an independent route where Todd will not be walking right behind us. This will be Africa’s first time of walking without Todd there as her security blanket. She is very used to Todd and I think relies on having him around. It’s time to start breaking that tether. Come back tomorrow to see what happens.

Today was another gorgeous day around the bay at San Francisco. I haven’t mentioned the weather we have experienced during our training. In a word, the weather has been great! California has been experiencing drought conditions for some time. I hope that we will move beyond them this winter. However, for late November and needing to be outside training with a guide dog I must admit I can’t complain about the warm sunny time we are experiencing. The temperature has been in the 70s and 80s during the day. We’ve had little cloud cover but rather lots of sun. Southern California has been facing many severe wildfires which we hope will soon be under control and out. All of us in California fear the severity of fires during the dry conditions we are experiencing. I hope we get no more fires this year. All I ask is three more days of sunny weather and then let the clouds open and the rain poured down.

Todd informed me this morning that he expected that we would be done with our training by this Thursday evening. As I said earlier in-home training permits a lot of flexibility. Todd feels that by Thursday we will have covered everything we could possibly study and that unless something unexpected happens there is nothing else that he can do for us during the formal training process. Of course, Todd is always available to answer questions. Guide Dogs for the Blind also has an excellent Graduate Services Department directed by Brian Francis. In the first entry of this journal I mention Marc Gillard who is a member of the Admissions and Graduate Services section of Guide Dogs for the Blind. Marc works for Brian. Brian’s Department is always available to help graduates throughout the United States with any issues they may be having. I think it is great that GDB has such a good support network.

Once again Todd arrived on the dotted 9 a.m. Our plans for the day was to go back into San Francisco and work around Union Square, a major shopping, dining, and hotel area in the city. After that we would return to Marin County and do some work on streets with no sidewalks.

With our plan in place Todd, Africa, and I got into the GDB van and headed off to San Francisco. We arrived in Union Square just a bit after 10 a.m. Before we started on our route I helped Africa on with her booties. We expected to do some escalator work this morning and as I explained earlier the booties protect her paws from the escalator treads. I don’t think that Africa is a great fan of these booties by the way she walks in them, but she tolerates them pretty well. The booties would also be good protection during extremely hot weather and on snow-covered streets.

Our first destination on this route was the park in Union Square. When we arrived workers were installing the lights on San Francisco’s Christmas tree. In addition, the outdoor ice skating rink was in full operation. Go figure…ice skating in 80° weather in November. I’m sure no one expected this kind of weather which is why the rink was open.

While in the park Africa and I practiced a few obedience exercises. These exercises are one of the first things students learn at GDB. The idea behind them is to have a routine of commands which allow us to put the dogs through some basic paces every morning as kind of a warm up and a method to help them focus. Obedience consists of having the dogs perform a series of “sit” and down maneuvers. We then have the dogs stay while we walk away a few feet to the end of the extended leash. After waiting at the end of the leash to make sure that the dog remains where we told it to sit, the handler returns to the side of the dog and provides lots of praise. After doing the “stay” we begin another “stay” but this time rather than returning to the dog we called the dog to us with either the “heel” command or the “come” command. “Heel” in this case requires the dog to move to our left side and sit. “Come” tells the dog merely to come and stand in front of us.

Doing obedience in the park gave both Todd and me an opportunity to see how Africa worked with lots of distractions around. I should explain that these obedience exercises are a great way to regain a dog’s focus was being distracted any time. Many times during the day while I’ve been walking and my guide dog became too distracted by other things going on around him or her I use this obedience work to get the dog back on track. It works really well.

After obedience, which Africa performed very well, (what else), we left the park and walked over to Macy’s department store. We walked through the crowded aisles in this four-story building, as well as traveled up and down two floors on the escalators. As soon as I could hear the escalators near me I told Africa to ‘find the escalator”. True, she may find the down escalator when I want the up escalator, but it’s my job to determine the right one to use, not her. The point is that she gets me to the escalators for me to then make the right determination. Also, it should be noted that I need to be near the escalators for her to expect to find them. “Near” means we have to be close enough for me to hear the escalators and for her to see them. It is not practical for me to simply walk in the door at Macy’s and suddenly say “find the escalator” which may be at the other end of the store. I’ve seen some blind people who think this, but they’re not correct. Of course, I’ve encountered some sighted people who think that the dog does everything and never listens to discover that I’m giving the dog commands. Africa and I are a team. We each have a job to do. The best teams consist of members who understand each other’s jobs and who respect the abilities and skills of all the team members.

With Macy’s behind us we started off for the van and the return to Marin. Along the way we decided to make a stop at another crowded store, the Nike store. I didn’t even know one existed in San Francisco much less had I ever been there. It goes to show what I know.

We entered the store to the blare of loud Christmas music. This time, the escalator was right near the entrance and so I used the command “find the escalator” to tell Africa where I wanted her to go. We went up a long escalator to the second floor and then took another one to the third floor. After walking around a bit and not buying anything we return to the escalators, descended to the first floor and left that noisy cacophony of sound. It was a good experience for the team even though Nike didn’t make a dime off from it.

On our way to the van as we traveled through the park we stop for our traditional tea and coffee at a small outdoor coffee shop. Hey, what else is there to do on a bright sunny day in San Francisco? Less you miss the point of stopping for coffee and tea every day I should explain that it is a good way for the dog to unwind after doing very complicated and stressful routes. Make no mistake; this job is very stressful to a dog. I talked about this in an earlier post. Although I do not like to stress out my dogs it is important to keep up their work and practice. Going to places like the Nike store and walking a successful route through it and then conveying my pleasure to the dog is a great way to keep up her level of confidence.

We returned to an area near GDB in Marin to work a sidewalkless route. This kind of route is just what the name says. We had to walk in the street because there are no sidewalks alongside them. Also, there are usually many cars parked along the streets so it would give Africa a good opportunity to practice going up to cars, letting me find them, and then working around the car in order to get back on route. Part of the reason of doing a sidewalkless route is to make sure that the dog stays right near the edge of the street rather than walking out in the middle of it. Personally, I don’t need to do many sidewalkless routes, but they sure are good practice for the few times I am required to walk one.

The only challenge Africa had on this route was that there was a place where two cars were parked very close together. Rather than simply passing both cars and then regaining the route she tried to walk me between the two cars to get back to the curb as soon as possible. There wasn’t enough room so I was smushed against one of the cars. No one was hurt, but it was a good experience for Africa. She is a bright dog and I believe she won’t do that again.

After this walk it was time for lunch. We went up to Novato to the Vintage Oaks shopping center where we had lunch at a local Chinese restaurant. Vintage Oaks is also the home of Costco and Target. After lunch we decided it was time to call it a day. Todd, Africa, and I returned home around 2 p.m. Sure we could’ve walked more, but training is in part about good quality bonding time. It is not all about simply walking routes and keeping the dog in harness all day. The value of doing in-home training is that we get to spend our quality time at home so Africa gets used to our home life.

Tomorrow we get to do traffic checks. Come back to read what that’s all about.

Saturday, November 15, 2008, 8:21 PM

Today was the fourth day of training for Africa and me. In a regular class environment training occurs Monday through Saturday. There are a few exceptions. Students arrive for class on Monday. The actual training process begins on Tuesday. First-time students come for four weeks graduating on the fourth Saturday of class. Retrain students come for two, three, and sometimes even the entire four weeks of class depending on their needs and desires.

In-home training is more intensive and lasts for one to three weeks. This training also permits the focusing on specific areas of interest to the handler as well as working with the new guide dog in the more realistic home environment. Of course, since in-home training requires a dedicated instructor spending time with only one student is more expensive for GDB to provide. Students with active lifestyles involving work or school often find that in-home training is the most viable option. I’m very glad that GDB began offering it a few years ago. For me, training with Africa at home has allowed me to spend more time observing her in our actual environment. I think that we have been able to begin a more effective bond since I have the opportunity to begin training her right from the outset here in Novato. I am very blessed that in-home training was offered to me. Besides, if we were training as part of a regular class we would never be able to go on some of the interesting routes we have seen and will see over the next week.

Todd showed up as usual right at nine o’clock. We went off to Novato and Costco. There were a few purchases I had to make, but the main reason for going to Costco was to observe Africa and to give us the opportunity to work together in a very busy store environment. It doesn’t get more active than Costco with all the hustle and bustle and people going every which way not necessarily watching where they’re going.

We arrived at Costco at about 9:30 a.m. We walked around the store quite a bit. Along the way we picked up the things I needed to buy. I had no concerns about Africa’s ability to guide in the store. What I was more interested in seeing was how she behaved while walking behind a shopping cart. Rather than using the harness and letting Africa guide I asked Todd to steer the card from the front while African I pushed from the back. Africa had no fear of the shopping cart nor did she deviate in order to snag any loose items of interest from the floor. She heeled well and worked exactly as I would expect her to in that kind of environment.

After Costco we drove to downtown Novato for another visit to Dr. Insomnia’s coffee shop. Again we walked around downtown with no difficulties and finally arrived at Powell’s candy store. This shop has very narrow aisles and is usually crowded as well. Today was no exception.

Africa did a good job of working through the store and waited patiently while we scooped and bagged some malted milk balls for me, some gummy bears for Todd’s wife and daughter, some candy fruit slices for Karen, and some chocolate covered pretzels for emergency purposes. The reality is that most of the candy will end up in our freezer and stay there for months. In our house out of sight really is out of mind.

We paid for our stash and then return to the van for the trip back home. After relieving Africa and Roselle we were ready for our next sortie. Todd, Karen and I boarded our minivan for a trip to our favorite winery, Gloria Ferrari. We didn’t expect this to be a strenuous trip nor did we expect it to be very challenging for Africa. What was unique in Africa’s experience was that she would be spending time walking beside a power wheelchair. Karen uses an electric wheelchair both in home and when she travels outside. If the two of us go somewhere together mostly I will walk behind her chair holding onto handgrips on the back of the chair. Typically I would not expect my dog to guide but rather to walk it heel. My interest this trip was to see how Africa handled the presence of the wheelchair outside the home. She had, of course, already been around the chair since her arrival last Wednesday. This would be her first time walking with the chair.

Before going to the winery we stopped for lunch at a restaurant and small tourist area across the street from Gloria’s. Lunch was enjoyable and Africa behaved well as usual. I am very impressed with the fact that she does not like to pick things up off the ground. I should say that even if she does like to pick up and eat things she resists temptation well. This is a direct result of good food rewards practices.

After lunch we spent some time walking around some gardens near the restaurant. It was then time to go off to the winery for a little wine tasting.

Gloria Ferrari makes regular wine and sparkling wine sometimes called champagne. If we are to believe the French the only sparkling wine that can be called champagne comes from the Champagne region in France. However, many of us reject the notion that champagne has to come from France. As members of the Gloria Ferrari wine club we get complimentary tastings of a number of their wines. We especially like one of their champagnes. We each stuck with only one glass and thus did not imbibe to excess. Africa did a good job of working through the winery and avoiding obstacles.

We returned home a little after 3 p.m. having spent another good productive day of training. Since we get Sunday off Todd informed me that he would be at my door on Monday at 9 a.m. sharp as usual. He continues to say that he’s very pleased with our training and our progress. For my part I am quite pleased. Next week should bring some other interesting adventures. I know we will be spending more time in San Francisco. We will also be practicing some rural routes.

I hope that you who are reading this find my experiences and journal interesting and informative. There is plenty more to come. Stay tuned.

Lookout San Francisco, here comes Africa. Before we began our training earlier this week Todd asked me to give him a list of areas of work I wanted to cover during training. I indicated that I wanted to do as much big-city work as possible since I knew a lot of my travels take me to larger metropolitan areas. Although I am gaining quite a bit of confidence in Africa already I think it is important to work different areas and different scenarios in order for Africa and me to become used to each other in many different environments. Also, training is the time to learn new techniques as well is brush up on the old ones. Finally, training is a great time to hone my reaction skills since movements with a new dog are always sharper and more crisp. My job is to keep those crisp reactions on both our parts as long as possible.

Clicker training and food rewards are not new at GDB. However, I know that I have not been in the habit of using them to their best advantage. During this time with Todd I intend to make every effort to strengthen the habit of using these powerful tools appropriately.

Todd arrived as usual at 9 a.m. sharp. After spending a few minutes discussing the previous days events including how we all fared last evening it was off to the City. Todd decided that we would do a “pretty easy” route this morning. We drove into the city, crossing the Golden Gate Bridge, and drove to an area near Chestnut and Fillmore streets. Todd explained that we were going to do a little bit of bus work by walking to the northeast corner of Chestnut and Fillmore where we would catch a bus at a bus stop often frequented by GDB trainers and students.

By the way, a wrinkle I introduced into this morning’s trip was that I carried with me at talking GPS system, the Trekker Breeze. The Breeze is a very easy to use system intended to be used during orientation and training as well as by people who do not want a complicated GPS product and who only plan on walking simple routes. Through The Michael Hingson Group I have been talking with GDB about exploring ways to use the Breeze during in class training. My plan was to identify a “landmark” with the Breeze during our walk today, move several blocks away from the landmark and then asked the Breeze to plan a route back to the landmark.

We arrived in San Francisco a little after 10. On the way to our parking place Todd drove by the bus stop at Chestnut and Fillmore so I could identify it as my landmark for the Breeze. After parking I asked the Breeze to create a route to the bus stop. I then followed that route. The Breeze created a route which was easy to follow and which provided good instructions every step of the way. Africa was great as usual. The sidewalk was pretty empty and so it wasn’t long before we reached the bus stop.

A bus soon arrived which we boarded. Soon we proceeded on our way. We traveled about six blocks and then disembarked for the walk back to the bus stop and eventually the van.

Again, I asked the Breeze to create a route back to the bus stop. The walk was uneventful. I was pleased with what I learned about using the Breeze during training. This was just the first experiment. We have a long way to go before deciding that GPS could be a part of in-class use. We did encounter a few dogs and pedestrian obstacles on the way back to the bus stop, but Africa handled them with aplomb and grace. Can you tell I’m already getting prejudiced toward Africa?

After reaching the bus stop we walked around the area a bit more. We made our traditional morning stop at a local coffee shop, this time Starbucks, where I had my usual cup of tea and Todd had his usual cup of coffee. Africa had no complaints as she was making out pretty well in the food reward department.

A little after Noon we returned to the van where we decided to go to Fisherman’s Wharf for lunch and another workout through crowds of people. Several times during our three days of training Todd mentioned a place in San Francisco that served New England clam chowder in a sourdough loaf bowl. Well, with that as a hint it seemed reasonable while in the city to find this restaurant and enjoy the food. Actually, Boudin is a sourdough bread making company which also serves sandwiches and soups in sourdough bread bowls. It is one of the most famous sourdough bread manufacturers in the City.

We parked several blocks away from the restaurant and worked a route to it. After lunch, which incidentally was wonderful, we walked around Fisherman’s Wharf to give Africa lots of opportunity to work in and through crowds of people. There were lots of dogs around to distract her. However, she did well.

By 2:30 p.m. we were ready to call it a day and travel back to Novato. In all it was a great day. Todd and I were both pleased with the performance of the team. I think Africa is settling in nicely and we are beginning to bond just as we should.

After returning home Todd and I made plans for our Saturday trip. Yes, Saturday is a training day as well. We agreed to meet about nine o’clock Saturday morning to walk around downtown Novato and do a little bit of shopping in the local Costco. After shopping and returning home we would switch to our personal van and travel with my wife Karen to one of our favorite wineries in the Carneros region just outside Napa. Saturday is beginning to sound like a pretty full day, but I think will survive it. Come back tomorrow to learn how Africa survived a day in Wine Country.

It’s time to report on our second day of training. I first need to go back to last evening to describe a brief encounter between Africa and Sherlock the cat. While preparing to retire for the evening I showed Africa her bed which was on the floor next to my side of Karen’s and my bed. I have a tie-down chain which I attached to Africa’s collar to keep her from wandering off in the middle of the night.

Soon after tying down Africa,Sherlock jumped up on the bed and walked over to my side to look down from his “lofty position” to see the new family member. I’m not sure what Africa did but she must have moved in some way that made Sherlock realize she was tied down and couldn’t get to him. All I know is that Africa sat up to look at Sherlock. Sherlock, who is declawed, decided to repeatedly bop Africa on the nose. We have seen Sherlock play this game with dogs on tie-down before. Karen put a stop to it as I was out of the room at the time. Sherlock never seems to know when to leave well enough alone. I’ll be interested to see what happens tonight. If he keeps up this game Africa, when she is allowed to run free might just decide to chase him a bit. As fun as that would be to watch it isn’t a good idea to allow it to begin in the first place. I have no doubt that Sherlock will be of little help in Africa’s training even at home.

This morning we began our work at a little after 9 a.m. when Todd arrived at our house. The plan Todd outlined was to go into San Rafael and work downtown including visiting office buildings to do some work on stairs and elevators. With new students this kind of work isn’t done until late in the second week or the beginning of the third week. Todd made the decision to do this work so early because Africa and I worked extremely well together yesterday.

We drove to the Guide Dogs for the Blind downtown lounge where we parked and prepared to walk the route. We first walked to a nearby post office where I needed to mail a package. Coincidently, the post office had a nice entry way which included stairs.

After mailing the package we walked east on 4th St to a favorite GDB practice site, the Albert building. This building, which has been a mainstay for instructors and students alike as long as I have been training with guide dogs in San Rafael, is good for us because it is pretty quiet and it contains both an elevator and stairs. The elevator is old, bouncy, and today was out of order. What a bummer! It is always fun to see the dogs’ reactions when we take them on this particular elevator because of its jerky motion. I will miss the experience.

Plan B. was to continue east on 4th St, do a double crossing at A Street in order to get on the north side of fourth and then to continue on fourth to the Bank of America building. As a point of interest, this building is just before Barney’s burgers where we ate lunch yesterday. When we reach the building we climbed the entryway stairs and went into the building. The lobby included a nice lovely working elevator.

At this point Todd and I decided to begin teaching Africa to locate elevator buttons on command. This process involved using a clicker to tell Africa when she was doing what we expected. A clicker is a small handheld device which when pressed makes a clicking sound. Guidedogs was the first school to introduce the clicker now some 10 years ago. Every dog today who graduates from GDB is clicker trained.

Using the clicker is incredibly effective as long as it is done right. The trick is to click the clicker the instant the dog completes the proper behavior. Immediately after clicking a food reward is offered to heighten the sense of a “great job well done”.

We began our training process by having Africa touch my hand which was placed on the wall right below the elevator button. Every time she touched my hand I clicked the clicker and gave her a food reward. After a few successful efforts we moved Africa back away from the wall two or 3 feet and then continued the process, this time expecting her to walk up and touched my hand which was still placed on the wall right below the elevator button.

Again after a few successful times of doing this we backed across the lobby which put us about 10 feet away from the elevator button. I commanded Africa to go forward and as soon as she walked to the right spot so that I could reach out and touch the elevator button I clicked and she received a food reward. The second time we worked from across the lobby we introduced the word “elevator” which I spoke immediately after I commanded her to go forward. It wasn’t long before she understood that when I said “elevator” I expected her to take me to the button to call the machine.

The process of training took no more than five minutes. Of course, we will reinforce this behavior over the next few days. In addition, we’ll use the clicker to teach Africa to locate other items such as the control buttons for traffic lights at crosswalks. Because the clicker sound indicates a specific point in time, in the case today it was that Africa found the elevator button for me, it is very powerful because it tells Africa the exact moment she performs a new task. Once she performs the task consistently I can discontinue the use of the clicker and go back to simple praise and the occasional food reward until or unless we need to reinforce what I want her to do.

We rode up in the elevator to the third floor and then walked down the stairs after which we left the building. We walked back up 4th Street now going west to B Street and then turn north to go to 5th. After crossing 5th we turned west and traveled on to the City Hall building. We entered the City Hall by walking upstairs and entering the building through its main 5th St entrance. Again we use the stairs this time to go up to the second floor and then located the elevator using Africa’s newly learned command, “elevator”. We then returned to the first floor and exited the building. I was impressed at how quickly Africa caught onto a new command and integrated it into her routine. She did a great job!

We then returned to the downtown lounge which meant walking west on 5th St to E St. and then traveling south on E to 4th St. We then traveled west on fourth to the lounge which, as you may recall, is between E and F.

We then traveled back to GDB where we stayed only a few minutes and then we drove across the street to the Northgate Mall. We decided to have lunch at the mall but first we walked through Macy’s department store with its narrow aisles and great opportunities to practice close clearance work. After lunch at Applebee’s restaurant we decided to do some escalator work. Again, normally this isn’t done until the third week of training for new students. Escalator work has changed since I received Meryl last year. Now Guide Dogs provides and encourages the use of booties to protect the dogs’ paws from harm when stepping on or off moving escalators and sidewalks. Personally I have never had a problem taking a guide dog on an escalator but I heartily endorse anything which will help keep guides safer during travel.

As expected, Africa isn’t a great fan of the booties but she tolerated them with little complaint. She has worn them before but even so it is not her favorite thing to do. We walked to Mervyn’s department store where we took escalators to the third floor and then rode them back down to the first floor. We then walked to Macy’s department store where we again took escalators up two floors and back down again before returning to the van for the ride home.

In all we had another good day. There were a few times when Africa cut our clearance with obstacles a little close. Each time a simple correction resolve the problem and we went on our way. In total we walked between 2 1/2 and 3 miles today. I asked Todd if we were doing as much walking on a given day as he did when he was training Africa. He said that we were doing at least as much. I ask this because I wanted to make sure that Africa was getting as much exercise now as she was during training. Since her workouts now are at least as intensive as they were during training I am giving her the same amount of food each meal as she received while in the kennels.

Tomorrow it’s off to our first workout in San Francisco where we will ride buses and visit a few more crowded buildings. I am very pleased with the results Africa and I are getting so far. She is very smart. Clearly she takes after her mother, but far be it from me to be prejudiced.

During this journal entry I mentioned clicker training. Clickers are proving to be revolutionary in guide dog training as well as in other kinds of dog instruction. You can learn more about the subject as well as how to use clickers with your own dog or cat by visiting http://www.clickertraining.com/

Tune in tomorrow night for the next installment.

Todd and Africa showed up at 9:00AM. We picked up right where we left off on October 27. Africa spent several minutes running around the house finding all of Roselle’s and Fantasia’s toys. She even discovered our cat Sherlock. That meeting went a lot better than I had expected. Sherlock’s philosophy is why stay when you can hide. He didn’t run away from Africa which is really a good sign. Also, Africa did not try to chase him. Some positive avoidance can be a good thing in the beginning of a dog-cat relationship.

After going over all the equipment that was issued in order to work with Africa including her harness and leash, some booties we will use during escalator work, her gentle leader sometimes referred to as a Haultie or head collar, some new toys immediately discovered and snatched by Roselle, and a clicker which I will discuss more later in my training, we left for our first walk. Typically in class this would be a very short get acquainted kind of walk. However I was doing in-home training and I had 44 years of guide dog experience to rely on so we decided to extend the usual 10 to 15 minute walk.

Todd, Africa, and I drove up to Novato where we spent the next hour and a half walking around downtown. We found a few good unusual travel areas including an offset sidewalk and a street with an island in the middle of the crossing where we had to stop and wait for a second traffic light. Another interesting thing about the island and the curbs on both sides of the street was that all of the curbs were flat. Africa did a great job of stopping even at the flat curbs. These curbs are so constructed such that the street and sidewalks meet without any step down or ramp from the sidewalk to the street. Guide dog training has advanced so far that these incredible dogs know about these flat curbs and stop for them just as they do for any other curb. I was appropriately impressed.

Along the way we stopped at Dr. Insomnia’s coffee shop for a spot of tea for me and a cup of coffee for Todd. On the way into the shop we passed an outside table where three dogs were lounging. Again, Africa did a great job of ignoring these dogs. She took one look and then as soon as I said “hop-up” she refocused and headed straight for the door into the shop.

The only real challenge we faced during this first walk was that there were a few places along the way where some bushes is stuck out on my right side and which Africa failed to pass without me brushing against them. When she is guiding perfectly I should not hit these bushes. Instead Africa should’ve moved a bit more to the left so that I would avoid them. After a few corrections she recognized her mistakes and worked flawlessly the rest of the way.

After out nearly 2-mile walk we got back in Todd’s van and decided to continue the day in downtown San Rafael. We drove to the Guide Dogs lounge on 4th St in San Rafael where we parked the car and decided to walk on 4th St down toward A Street where there were several restaurants we could explore for lunch. We finally decided on Barney’s burgers which was passed A Street still on fourth going toward Lincoln. Todd and I decided to sit outside both because the day was nice and because I was curious to see how Africa would do with all the distractions of sitting at an outside table. As I have come to expect she did a great job.

After our turkey burgers Todd and I walked back to the lounge where we boarded the van for the trip home. In all it was a great first day. I couldn’t have asked for a better workout. I was very impressed with the level of Africa’s performance especially not for knowing me other than for one brief walk two weeks before.

Africa and I spent the rest of the afternoon getting to know each other better in a relaxed home environment. She discovered Fantasia’s squeaky ball and proceeded to run around the house with it. Thus far she and Roselle have not played much together but I am sure that will come. It will get even more interesting once Fantasia returns home. I expect we should see some real competition for the squeaky ball.

Already I think the potential for a really strong match exists between Africa and me. She has more of the personality that I seek in a guide dog then did my previous dog. Meryl was much too serious and didn’t handle stress well. It was because of her inability to deal with stress that I had to retire her. I learned yesterday that she has gone back to live with her puppy raisers in Nevada. Good for Meryl! She deserves a more sedate life. She has earned it.

I have spent quite a lot of time on the first two entries in this journal because I want to make sure that I document the processes I encountered along the road to receiving Africa. A lot went into preparing both of us for this day. All the preparation is what will make it possible for us to form a good solid bond. It is my belief that it takes up to a year to form our bond and for each of us, human and guide dog alike, to become so comfortable with each other that we get to that state where we can intuit the other’s feelings and state of mind. Creating a bond with a guide dog is just like building any worthwhile strong team except in the case of the human-dog team building process I am working with a creature who thinks and communicates in a completely different manner than does any human. As I am fond of saying in my speeches I have learned more about teambuilding and team relationships from working now with seven dogs than I have ever learned from all of the management theory courses I have taken and all of the Ken Blanchard and other management experts’ books combined.

10:00 PM. It is now late in the evening and time to go to bed and prepare for tomorrow. What a great first day this has been with Africa. I will report on developments tomorrow after we returned home from our travels.

The day has finally come. This is the day I receive Africa, my new guide dog. Africa is the seventh guide I have had the pleasure of working. All seven guide dogs were trained at Guide Dogs for the Blind in San Rafael California. I received my first guide dog on June 28, 1964 when I was but 14 years of age. That day is still as fresh in my mind as if it happened only this year.

My fifth guide dog, “Roselle”, is by far the most famous one of them all as she was with me when I worked and escaped from the 78th floor of Tower One of the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001. You can learn more of Roselle’s life elsewhere on my web site.

In March of 2007 Roselle retired and I was joined by my sixth guide dog, Meryl. Unfortunately, Meryl only worked for about a year and a half before the stressful job of guiding became too much for her and she had to retire. Guiding is not an easy job. Only about 50% of the Labrador Retrievers who enter the program a guide dogs for the blind actually succeed and go home with blind people as part of a person-guide dog team. Some guides go home only to discover that guiding isn’t their thing. Meryl retired officially on September 18, 2008.

As an aside, I should explain that the reason the success rate for labs is only about 50% comes not from the fact that the other 50% are not as bright or is good. Dogs are just like people. Each one has its own personality. Some dogs work well as guides while others do not. Some people are very successful and seem to adapt well to some jobs but not to others. We learned a long time ago not to say that the dogs that do not make it as guides are failures, but rather they are “career change”. Some of the career changed dogs leave GDB in order to perform other jobs such as cancer detection and to do work with the military in drug and explosives investigation. Some career change guide dog puppies have gone on to work with persons with diabetes. These “Dogs for Diabetics” are taught how to warn their handlers of drastic changes in their blood sugar levels and thus prevent the onset of hypoglycemic or insulin reactions.

Back to Africa. Immediately upon Meryl’s retirement the search began for a successor guide dog for me. The process of matching a blind person with a guide dog is a very complex one. It is important to find a dog that can match its blind handler’s pace, walking patterns, temperament, as well as having a personality which will fit into its handler’s daily way of life. There is a good reason why Guide Dogs for the Blind calls the decision to use a guide dog a “lifestyle choice”. Part of the process which every team goes through is the forming and building of the relationship which will dictate how human and dog will interact with each other during their time together.

For me when preparing for Africa it helps that I have had six previous guidedogs all from the same school. Even though Guide Dogs for the Blind has amassed quite a bit of information about my needs and desires concerning a guide dog match I still went through a home interview and a brief walk with the local GDB field rep, Marc Gillard. We did the interview at the same time he came to fetch Meryl back in September.

The next event was an e-mail from Charles Nathan, the Guide Dogs Director of Training in San Rafael. Charles e-mailed me around the 20th of October to tell me that he believed that a match had been found for me. He wanted me to take a test walk with the dog to seeif I felt we might have a match. Charles informed me that the dog’s name was Africa and that she was a small yellow Labrador. As soon as I saw the name I realized that there was another reason why GDB may in fact have found a good match. Africa is one of the puppies from the second litter of our GDB breeder, Fantasia. Fantasia has lived with us for a little more than two years. One of our close family friends, Linda Lewis, had suggested the name Africa when we learned that Fantasia’s second litter would all have names beginning with the letter A. I knew that if Africa was anything like her mom we had the potential for a great match. Fantasia’s personality was more suited to what I desired and felt would be best for my lifestyle. If Africa’s personality and demeanor were anything like her mother she was certainly worth a look.

On October 27 Todd Jurek brought Africa to our home for our test walk. We spent three hours traveling around our neighborhood as well as through downtown Novato. We also went to a restaurant, and spent some time at the local Peet’s coffee just so I could observe Africa in a variety of settings. Afterward I told Todd that I thought Africa was a good match and that we should go ahead. Todd was Roselle’s trainer and as I learned that day he trained Africa as well. I didn’t have Todd as an instructor when I was matched with Roselle. I asked that if at all possible I would like to work with him to do my training with Africa. I learned later that week that we could start training the week of November 10 and that Todd indeed would be my instructor. It doesn’t get better than that.